Why Perform a Breast Self-Exam?
A breast self-exam is a valuable tool that allows you to monitor any changes or signs of breast cancer. By regularly examining your breasts, you can establish a baseline of what is normal for you. This awareness will help you detect any new lumps, thickenings, or skin changes that may require further medical attention. Although breast self-exams should not replace mammograms or clinical breast exams, they contribute to early detection and can potentially save lives.
How Often Should You Perform a Breast Self-Exam?
Adult women of all ages are encouraged to perform breast self-exams at least once a month. According to Lillie D. Shockney, Johns Hopkins University Distinguished Service Professor of Breast Cancer, about 40% of diagnosed breast cancers are detected by women who feel a lump during a self-exam. Therefore, establishing a regular breast self-exam routine is crucial.
For women who are still menstruating, it is recommended to perform the self-exam a few days after their period ends. This is when the breasts are least likely to be swollen or tender. For post-menopausal women, it is advisable to choose a specific day of the month, such as the 1st or 15th, to perform the self-exam consistently.
How to Perform a Breast Self-Exam
Performing a breast self-exam involves a combination of visual and manual inspections. By following these steps, you can effectively examine your breasts:
Step 1: In the Shower
Start by using the pads of your three middle fingers to check your entire breast and armpit area. Apply light, medium, and firm pressure while moving your fingers in small circles. Make sure to cover all areas of the breasts and feel for any new lumps, thickenings, or hardened knots. It is important to repeat this process for both breasts.
Step 2: In Front of a Mirror
Stand in front of a mirror with your arms at your sides. Visually inspect your breasts, looking for any changes in contour, shape, or symmetry. Pay attention to any dimpling, swelling, or skin irregularities on or around the breasts. Next, place your hands on your hips and press firmly to flex your chest muscles. Observe any changes in the shape or appearance of your breasts, particularly on one side. Remember that breast asymmetry is common, so focus on identifying any new changes that differ from your baseline.
Step 3: Lying Down
Lie down on a bed or couch and place a pillow under your right shoulder. With your right arm behind your head, use your left hand to examine your right breast and armpit area. Use the pads of your three middle fingers to feel for any new lumps, thickenings, or changes in texture. Apply light, medium, and firm pressure while moving your fingers in a circular motion. Pay attention to the entire breast, including the upper outer quadrant, lower outer quadrant, upper inner quadrant, lower inner quadrant, and the area around the nipple. Squeeze the nipple gently to check for any discharge. Repeat these steps for the left breast, using your right hand.
Can You Rely Solely on Breast Self-Exams?
While breast self-exams are a valuable early detection tool, they should not be relied upon as the only method for ensuring breast cancer-free health. Mammograms, clinical breast exams, and regular medical care are essential components of breast health. Mammograms can detect cancer before a lump is felt, allowing for early intervention. Therefore, it is crucial to combine self-exams with regular screenings and promptly report any changes or concerns to your healthcare provider.
When Should You Consult a Doctor?
If you notice any changes in your breasts during a self-exam, it is important to consult a healthcare professional promptly. These changes may include new lumps, thickenings, skin changes, nipple discharge, or any other abnormalities. While most breast changes are not cancerous, it is always better to err on the side of caution and have them evaluated by a medical expert. Remember, early detection greatly improves the chances of successful treatment and recovery.
Conclusion
Performing regular breast self-exams is an integral part of breast health and early detection of breast cancer. By becoming familiar with the normal look and feel of your breasts, you can quickly identify any changes that may require further medical evaluation. Remember to combine self-exams with regular mammograms and clinical breast exams to ensure comprehensive breast health. If you notice any changes or have concerns, consult with your healthcare provider promptly. By prioritizing breast self-awareness and proactive healthcare, you are taking important steps towards maintaining your well-being.